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PROJECT TOPIC:  DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A FOUR WAY TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL
Department:  Electrical Electronics
AMOUNT:  10,000
FORMAT:   MS WORD
PAGES:  93
 
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CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

          The store function is a vital part of industrial concern, public and private undertakings. It is designed to snit the particular moods of the organization itself. The expression store in most organization is an area in which all kinds of materials intended to be used in correction with production, distribution, maintenance, packaging, operating activities etc. are stored, received and issued.

          In other words “store” is a general terms describing goods which are kept in soreness and stock lard, all needed for production. It also covers finished products awaiting disport to consumers, scraps and other arising and packagers hold pending return to suppliers.

          However, the range value and complexity of terms held by any particular stores will depends upon the size and complexity of the operations involved. Different types of organization have different types of items in stock. For example, production operation will have raw materials component parts, work-in-progress packaging and associated materials. A distribution operation will have finished stock, component parts and part completed work. An engineering and maintenance operation will have spare parts tool, equipment, clearing and servicing materials.

          It is the duty of the stores department to receive materials or goods from all sources, consignment must be checked in detail to ensure that proper quality and quantity have mean supplied suitable document must be prepared for pocking of stock records and stock account as well as to provide evidence of receipt with which supplier will no cleared for payments. It also ensures interrupted flow of physical material into introduction as well as guide against unauthorized usage damages or determination of materials.

1.1     PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

          The purpose of this is to contribute This work has been aimed at efficient means of controlling the traffic effectively for twenty-four hours. As the world is growing technologically more and more vehicles jump into the public road adding to the already existing number. Consequently, more efficient way of controlling the traffics becomes more desirable as compared to the obsolete way of using the traffic personnel’s.
The design of this traffic light control is grouped basically into three; digital logic design, the power circuit and the power supply design. The digital logic design is based on integrated circuits which happens to be the modern way of designing digital systems, the power circuit design is aimed at lighting the different LEDS as and when due, while the power supply design strives to achieve a constant 8V dc supply for powering the circuit.
For this work, the frame with the LEDS mounted on it has been constructed, the driven circuit was implemented and the entire system enclosed in the smoothened frame.
The realized work was tested and guaranteed to give a firmly good level of performance.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION
In the ever fast-growing world of business and technology today, there has become an increasing column of vehicles on every road in different place of the world. Traffic control light has become a very effective tool for sequential control of the teaming number of vehicles on the road to avert what would have been a recurrent saga of ghastly accidents at the junctions. There have been many ways of achieving this, uppermost among these being the employment of electronic monitoring circuits that which is controlled by presto clock.
In developed countries, the employment of traffic personnels who would be jumped up and down at the centres of the junction just for the motorists to acknowledge their rigorous signs has long come of age. In developing countries where 24 hours traffic flow is involved, many societies are adopting the usage of the traffic light control. The advantage offered by this method of traffic control cannot be over emphasized. For one, it offers a more advanced technology that is less prone to miscalculation and its regrettable occurrence. They stand out better at night, then offer illumination to the immediate surroundings which become important for security purpose and in general add to there entire aesthetic beauty of night life.
The technology behind the design may vary from place to place, but the fact remains that in all cases an electronic (logic) circuit is made to control a power circuit. The electronic logic circuit is normally composed of the basic digital components of electronic design which includes oscillators, timers, counters, decoders, microprocessors, etcetera, while the power circuit includes the lamps and the drivers circuits. The digital circuit is designed to give an output commensurate to the design choice. The power supply unit is designed to generate a steady supply voltage which is used to power the logic circuit.
The output consists of a series of lamps which are expected to light in a particular sequence depending on the design. By the logic circuit design, the lamps are made to come up in a particular sequence depending on the design with each colour meaning different motional status of the vehicles in that column.

1.1 AIM OF THE PROJECT
Going by the rapid advancement in technology all over the world, the need for better ways of solving a problem keep coming up every day. Necessity is the mother of invention. It has become imperative for societies, companies, industries, business ventures, clubs etc to offer 24 hour service, hence thereby has to be a way of controlling the teaming column of vehicles which convey both individuals and goods to different destinations of that type. The most elegant way of directing the motorists is by the use of traffic light control. This type of control serves a dual purpose. In the day type it directs the vehicles, whereas it turns out to additionally illuminating the environment in the night, so that at very far distance, its effect is noticeably felt, conveying its message to an oncoming vehicle very far from the point.
The project is therefore aimed at building a prototype four-way traffic light control circuitry.
1.2 METHODOLOGY
Priority was given to the nature of the junction and how far away they are at different seasons of the year. A lot of design research was carried out on digital logic design and choice of digital families. Data books were consulted to make the most suitable choice of components at the most reasonable cost.
After the design, a market survey was conducted and some components used in the design were not obtainable in the market. Hence, alternative components had to be used and the circuit redesigned. The subsequent stage involves physically realizing the design work, constructing and packaging the entire circuitry on the frame. Finally, he work was given a fine finish and tested.

to the increasing tendency toward the establishment of integrated stores department, this providing for users. Also, this study will show between store control and management can be improved upon to increase effectiveness and consequently contributing to the profitability of the organization. It (store department) therefore contributes positively towards the achievement of the organizational goals.

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

          Many organizations are not deeply interested in the importance of store management and control in an organization.

          The problem arises as a result of the evolution of store management in many times of nowadays. In effective store management, operation are traceable to the inability of a company to find possible solutions to the problems of under stocking and overstocking which could bring about a total stoppage of production in a manufacturing organization and which could liquidate or folding the specific organization.

          Moreover, failure to implement the Economic order quantity (EOQ) would definitely involve determination of materials, obsolete, items and discrepancies in the record number an physical number of materials.

1.3     OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

          The aims and objectives of this study are to:

i.        Bee the problems facing an organization in stock control process.

ii.       Expose people to the area of profitability in store management.

iii.      Reach people how to tackle the problems of overstocking an          understocking, which usually occur in manufacturing companies

iv.      Examine the effort of good store management and control in an      organization.

v.       Identify the methods of issuing and receiving material.

vi.      Suggest ways by which the problems of store management and control    can be solved.

 

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